Is the Xolo Dog the Same Family as Yhe Chihuahua

Dog brood

Xoloitzcuintle
A lighter-colored Xoloitzcuintle
Other names	Xoloitzcuintle, Xoloitzquintle, Xoloitzcuintli
Common nicknames	Xolo
Origin	Mexico
Traits Glaze Coated and Hairless
Kennel club standards FCI standard
Notes	National canis familiaris of Mexico
Dog (domestic dog)

The Xoloitzcuintle (or Xoloitzquintle, Xoloitzcuintli, or Xolo) is one of several breeds of hairless dog. It is found in Estándar (Standard), Intermedio (intermediate), and Miniatura (miniature) sizes. The Xolo too comes in a coated variety, totally covered in fur. Coated and hairless tin can be born in the same litter as a upshot of the same combination of genes. The hairless variant is known every bit the Perro pelón mexicano or Mexican hairless domestic dog.^[1] It is characterized past its duality, wrinkles, and dental abnormalities, along with a primitive temper. In Nahuatl, from which its name originates, it is xōlōitzcuintli [ʃoːloːit͡sˈkʷint͡ɬi] (singular)^[ii] and xōlōitzcuintin [ʃoːloːit͡sˈkʷintin] (plural).^[two] The name comes from the god Xolotl that according to ancient narratives is its creator and itzcuīntli [it͡sˈkʷiːnt͡ɬi], meaning 'dog' in Nahuatl language.^[2]

History [edit]

Ceramic sculptures of a hairless breed of dog have been found in burying sites in ancient Westward Mexico.^[3] In ancient times, Xolos were often sacrificed and and then buried with their owners to act as guides to the soul on its journey to the underworld. They have been found in burying sites of both the Maya and the Toltec.^[4]

Sixteenth-century Spanish accounts tell of big numbers of dogs being served at banquets.^[5] Aztec merchant feasts could accept 80–100 turkeys and 20–40 dogs served as food.^[six] When these two meats were served in the same dish, the canis familiaris meat was at the lesser of the dish, either because it was held in higher regard or because it was increasingly considered a pace above cannibalism.^[half-dozen]

The Aztecs consumed few domesticated animals, with over xc% of the bones institute at archeological sites being deer.^[6]

Lineage [edit]

A 1999 genetic study using mitochondrial DNA found that the DNA sequences of the Xoloitzcuintle were identical to those of dogs from the One-time Globe.^[7] In 2018, an analysis of DNA from the entire genome indicated that domesticated dogs entered North America from Siberia for iv,500 years and were isolated for the next 9,000 years. Later contact with Europeans, these lineages were replaced by Eurasian dogs. The pre-contact dogs exhibited a unique genetic signature that is now most gone.^[8] In 2020, the sequencing of ancient dog genomes indicates that in two Mexican breeds the Chihuahua retains iv% and the Xoloitzcuintli three% pre-colonial ancestry.^[9]

Their phenotype is a consequence of canine ectodermal dysplasia acquired by a mutation on the Foxl3 autosomal cistron.^[10]

Registry [edit]

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) [edit]

The breed did not receive any official notice in its homeland until the 1950s. The FCI, founded in 1940, was not prepared to declare the Xolo an official purebred at that fourth dimension. According to breed historian Norman Pelham Wright, writer of The Enigma of the Xoloitzcuintli, Xolos began to turn up at Mexican canis familiaris shows in the belatedly 1940s. Although they were recognized as indigenous specimens of a native brood, interest in them was minimal at that time, because information was deficient and no standard existed past which to estimate them. Inside a decade, the FCI realized that the breed would become extinct if drastic action were not taken to save it. This led to the widely publicized Xolo Trek of 1954. With the official sanction of the FCI, Wright and a squad of Mexican and British canis familiaris authorities fix off to discover if whatever purebred Xolos still existed in remote areas of Mexico.^{[ commendation needed ]} Eventually 10 structurally stiff Xolos were constitute and these dogs formed the foundation of United mexican states's programme to revive the breed. A committee headed by Wright authored the first official standard for the brood; on May 1, 1956, the Xolo was finally recognized in its native land and, every bit Mexico is a fellow member of the FCI, worldwide.^{[ citation needed ]}

American Kennel Lodge (AKC) [edit]

Xolos were among the first breeds recorded by the American Kennel Lodge (AKC). A Mexican dog named 'Mee Too' fabricated breed history every bit the first AKC-registered Xolo in 1887. 'Chinito Junior', bred and endemic by Valetska Radtke of New York City, became the breed's but AKC champion to date. He earned his title on October xix, 1940.

In 1959, the Xolo was dropped from the AKC stud book due to the breed's scarcity and perceived extinction. The Xoloitzcuintli Order of America (XCA), the official parent club for the brood, was founded on October 26, 1986, to regain AKC recognition for the breed. On May 13, 2008, AKC voted to readmit the breed to its Miscellaneous Form starting January 1, 2009. The founding members voted unanimously to recognize all iii sizes (toy, miniature and standard) and both varieties (hairless and coated) at their initial coming together. Since then, the XCA has compiled a stud volume modeled on requirements for eventual AKC acceptance, held an annual independent specialty show, published a quarterly newsletter, The Xolo News, and maintained an active national rescue network, National Xolo Rescue (known earlier 2009 every bit The Xolo Rescue League^[11]). Since January ane, 2007, FSS registered Xolos have been eligible to compete in AKC performance events. The breed was moved into the AKC Studbook in Dec 2010 and has been eligible to be shown in the AKC Non-Sporting group since January 1, 2011.^[12]

Characteristics [edit]

Appearance [edit]

Giorgio Armani, the first Xoloitzcuintle to be named all-time of its breed at the Westminster Dog Show.^[thirteen] He has achieved four Bests in Show and 27 Group Firsts since joining the American Kennel Order'southward Non-Sporting Group in January 2011.^[xiii]

The brood ranges in size from about x to 55 lb (5 to 23 kg). The top is nine to 26 inches (23–67 cm). Similar in appearance to a Pharaoh Hound, with a sleek body, almond-shaped optics, large bat-like ears, and a long neck, the Xolo is notable for its dominant trait of hairlessness.^[fourteen] The ascendant hairless trait originated in this brood equally a spontaneous mutation thousands of years ago. The recessive expression of the trait will produce a coated diversity, which is genetically inseparable from the hairless, as the homozygous appearance of the hairless mutation is fatal to the unborn pup.^[15] Most litters contain both hairless and coated puppies. The coated diverseness, covered with a short, flat dense coat represents the original form of the canis familiaris, prior to the occurrence of the spontaneous hairless mutation.^[16] The hairless variety is completely hairless on the body, with many dogs exhibiting a few short hairs on the pinnacle of the head, the toes, and the tip of the tail. Most hairless dogs are black or bluish-gray in color. The allele responsible for the Xolo'south hairlessness besides affects the dog's dentition: Hairless Xolos typically have an incomplete prepare of teeth while the dogs of the coated variety have complete dentition.

The Xolo is moderate in all aspects of its appearance, carrying an impression of forcefulness, agility, and elegance. Xolo body proportions are rectangular, slightly longer in full body length than the height measured at the highest point of the withers (top of the shoulders). The brood occurs naturally in two varieties, hairless and coated. Hairless Xolos are the dominant expression of the heterozygous Hh hairless trait.^[17] Coated Xolos (hh) are the recessive expression, and convenance hairless to coated or hairless to hairless may produce pups of either or both varieties. Breeding coated to coated volition simply produce coated pups because they are recessive to the hairless trait and practise not carry the ascendant H gene.

Both varieties occur in all hair or skin colors, and the skin is often marked, splashed, or spotted. The most common colors are diverse shades termed black, grey, bronze, yellowish-blonde, blue and red. The breed occurs in a range of sizes, which breeders accept standardized into 3 designations: Standard, Miniature and Toy.

Temperament [edit]

Hairless and coated Xoloitzquintles

The Xoloitzcuintle'south 'primitive' temperament (very high intelligence, sensitivity, high energy, inquisitiveness, stiff hunting, and social instincts) is credible because the breed's temperament was not modified overall past selective breeding in their native history in Mexico. This has also ensured a sturdy physical nature and vigorous health by and large innate in both coated and hairless Xolos. Adult Xolos are frequently noted for their at-home demeanor, although puppies can be extremely energetic, noisy, and very oral until they reach maturity (after 2 years old) and do not bawl much, after which they tend to settle down and become more at-home. Inadequately supervised or exercised Xolos can become escape artists, climbing and jumping fences to chase. Many individuals of this breed can possess baby-sit dog ability and will not back downwardly from a fight. At the same time, developed dogs, when they are raised properly, tin can become steady, well-behaved, and affectionate companions.^{[ commendation needed ]}

Though physically grown at 1 yr, many dog breeds including Xolos, are not 'emotionally mature' until around 2 years. Like active breeds such equally terriers, Xolos need calm, consistent and loving obedience grooming and regular socialization during their growing years. Well-raised Xolos bond strongly with their owners, becoming highly devoted to their families while frequently choosing one specific family unit fellow member as favorite.^{[ citation needed ]}

Anyone considering acquiring a Xolo should expect to spend time educating themselves in positive reinforcement dog training techniques and, ideally, should have prior feel with active and intelligent dog breeds. A spacious, well-fenced, and safe concrete surroundings is desirable for this breed. Daily walks are ideal for exercising most Toy-sized Xolos; however, more than stimulating physical and mental practice is advised for larger and more active individuals. Beliefs bug in Xolos are typically a effect of a domestic dog receiving inadequate or inconsistent supervision, as well as inadequate practise and mental stimulation. The Xoloitzcuintle is a social dog that should not, in near cases, exist an "only canis familiaris". It does not practice well when kept as an outside-only canis familiaris. This is a brood that is at its best when it is made office of the family, receiving regular interaction and socialization with its humans (and other dogs, whether nowadays in the abode or as regular playmates).^{[ citation needed ]}

Health [edit]

The Xolo has been developed by natural selection for thousands of years, and is therefore generally not prone to health and structure problems as other dog breeds more than modified past man selection efforts. Xolos came from tropical climates and are not suited for outdoor life in colder temperate and northern climates; they should be considered an indoor dog breed.^{[ failed verification ]} They demand bathing, light preparation and skin care as with other dogs of like physical type, or acne tin consequence. Most skin problems arise from poor convenance, neglect, or over-bathing and over-lotioning, stripping natural protections and clogging pores.^{[eighteen] [19]}

In contemporary culture [edit]

Xoloitzcuintles have been receiving more recognition in recent years, this can be seen in increased representation in pop civilisation and in the popularity of the dog equally a pet.^[twenty] Museo El Carmen in Mexico City exhibited a testify titled Xolos, compañeros de viaje (Xolos, travel companions) in 2019–20 of more than 100 artifacts – ceramics, remains, and artworks – overviewing the importance of the Xoloitcuintle in Mexican heritage.^[21] A Xolo named Dante stars in the Us blockbuster CGI animation 2017 Disney/Pixar motion-picture show Coco.^[xx] On August 12, 2016, the Mayor of Mexico City Miguel Ángel Mancera designated the Xoloitzcuintle a "cultural heritage and symbol" of Mexico Urban center.^{[22] [23]} The Dolores Olmedo Museum keeps a pack of Xolos on their grounds.^[24]

The Xoloitzcuintle is the symbol and mascot of Gild Tijuana, the Xoloitzcuintles de Caliente, a professional soccer club founded in 2007. Xolos are depicted in some of Mexican artist Frida Kahlo's paintings,^[25] one of which is commemorated on the 2007 500-peso note, featuring Kahlo'due south painting titled Dearest's Embrace of the Universe, World, (Mexico), I, Diego, and Mr. Xólotl (1949) on the reverse of the notation.^[26] Diego Rivera's large murals, The History of Mexico, in the Palacio Nacional in United mexican states Urban center feature numerous Xolos.^[27]

See likewise [edit]

• Dogs portal
• List of dog breeds
• Hairless dog
• Peruvian Hairless Dog

References [edit]

1. ^ FCI Breed Standard
2. ^ ^{a b c} Nahuatl Lexicon. (1997). Wired Humanities Project. University of Oregon. Retrieved September 1, 2012, from link
3. ^ "vessel in course of a dog". Indianapolis Museum of Art Online Collection . Retrieved 2020-01-06 .
4. ^ "Mexico is in love with a $five,000 hairless dog that often wins competitions — in the ugliest category". Los Angeles Times. 2017-04-28. Retrieved 2020-01-06 .
5. ^ Coe, Sophie D. (1994) America's outset cuisines ISBN 0-292-71159-X p112
6. ^ ^{a b c} Aguilar-Moreno, One thousand. (2006). Handbook to life in the Aztec globe. Oxford University Press: USA. p. 329 ISBN 978-0-19-533083-0
7. ^ Vila, C. (ane January 1999). "Phylogenetic relationships, evolution, and genetic diverseness of the domestic dog". Journal of Heredity. ninety (1): 71–77. doi:10.1093/jhered/ninety.1.71. PMID 9987908.
8. ^ Ní Leathlobhair, Máire; Perri, Angela R.; Irving-Pease, Evan M.; Witt, Kelsey E.; Linderholm, Anna; Haile, James; Lebrasseur, Ophelie; Ameen, Carly; Blick, Jeffrey; Boyko, Adam R.; Brace, Selina; Cortes, Yahaira Nunes; Crockford, Susan J.; Devault, Alison; Dimopoulos, Evangelos A.; Eldridge, Morley; Enk, Jacob; Gopalakrishnan, Shyam; Gori, Kevin; Grimes, Vaughan; Guiry, Eric; Hansen, Anders J.; Hulme-Beaman, Ardern; Johnson, John; Kitchen, Andrew; Kasparov, Aleksei K.; Kwon, Immature-Mi; Nikolskiy, Pavel A.; Lope, Carlos Peraza; Manin, Aurélie; Martin, Terrance; Meyer, Michael; Myers, Kelsey Noack; Omura, Marker; Rouillard, Jean-Marie; Pavlova, Elena Y.; Sciulli, Paul; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger Southward.; Strakova, Andrea; Ivanova, Varvara 5.; Widga, Christopher; Willerslev, Eske; Pitulko, Vladimir Five.; Barnes, Ian; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.; Dobney, Keith M.; Malhi, Ripan S.; Murchison, Elizabeth P.; Larson, Greger; Frantz, Laurent A. F. (six July 2018). "The evolutionary history of dogs in the Americas". Science. 361 (6397): 81–85. Bibcode:2018Sci...361...81N. doi:10.1126/science.aao4776. PMC7116273. PMID 29976825. S2CID 206663458.
9. ^ Bergström, Anders; Frantz, Laurent; Schmidt, Ryan; Ersmark, Erik; Lebrasseur, Ophelie; Girdland-Flink, Linus; Lin, Audrey T.; Storå, Jan; Sjögren, Karl-Göran; Anthony, David; Antipina, Ekaterina; Amiri, Sarieh; Bar-Oz, Guy; Bazaliiskii, Vladimir I.; Bulatović, Jelena; Brown, Dorcas; Carmagnini, Alberto; Davy, Tom; Fedorov, Sergey; Fiore, Ivana; Fulton, Deirdre; Germonpré, Mietje; Haile, James; Irving-Pease, Evan Chiliad.; Jamieson, Alexandra; Janssens, Luc; Kirillova, Irina; Horwitz, Liora Kolska; Kuzmanovic-Cvetković, Julka; Kuzmin, Yaroslav; Losey, Robert J.; Dizdar, Daria Ložnjak; Mashkour, Marjan; Novak, Mario; Onar, Vedat; Orton, David; Pasaric, Maja; Radivojevic, Miljana; Rajkovic, Dragana; Roberts, Benjamin; Ryan, Hannah; Sablin, Mikhail (2020). "Origins and genetic legacy of prehistoric dogs". Scientific discipline. 370 (6516): 557–564. doi:x.1126/science.aba9572. PMC7116352. PMID 33122379. S2CID 225956269.
10. ^ Manin, Aurélie; Ollivier, Morgane; Bastian, Fabiola; Zazzo, Antoine; Tombret, Olivier; Equihua Manrique, Juan Carlos; Lefèvre, Christine (October 2018). "Can we identify the Mexican hairless canis familiaris in the archaeological record? Morphological and genetic insights from Tizayuca, Basin of Mexico" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Science. 98: 128–136. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2018.08.008.
11. ^ National Xolo Rescue Archived June 26, 2010, at the Wayback Machine at the XCA website
12. ^ Xolo News Archived 2010-01-13 at the Wayback Machine at AKC.org
13. ^ ^{a b} "GCH Bayshore'south Giorgio Armani Leads the Manner for Xoloitzcuintli Breed". Purina ProClub. Retrieved xi April 2015.
14. ^ Kimura, T.; Ohshima, South.; Doi, 1000. (1 January 1993). "The inheritance and breeding results of hairless descendants of Mexican hairless dogs". Laboratory Animals. 27 (1): 55–58. doi:10.1258/002367793781082403. PMID 8437436. S2CID 21822477.
15. ^ "FCI-Standard N° 234: XOLOITZCUINTLE (Hairless Variety & Coated Variety)". Fédération Cynologique Internationale. 2011-02-16. Archived from the original on 2013-eleven-01. Retrieved 2012-08-twenty .
16. ^ "xoloitzcuintliclubofamerica.com". Archived from the original on May 27, 2008.
17. ^ Drögemüller, Cord; Karlsson, Elinor 1000.; Hytönen, Marjo K.; Perloski, Michele; Dolf, Gaudenz; Sainio, Kirsi; Lohi, Hannes; Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin; Leeb, Tosso (12 September 2008). "A Mutation in Hairless Dogs Implicates FOXI3 in Ectodermal Development". Scientific discipline. 321 (5895): 1462. Bibcode:2008Sci...321.1462D. doi:10.1126/science.1162525. PMID 18787161. S2CID 206514824.
18. ^ Kimura, Tohru; Doi, Kunio (1996). "Spontaneous Comedones on the Skin of Hairless Descendants of Mexican Hairless Dogs". Experimental Animals. 45 (4): 377–384. doi:ten.1538/expanim.45.377. PMID 8902502.
19. ^ Kimura, Tohru (1996). "Studies on Evolution of Hairless Descendants of Mexican Hairless Dogs and Their Usefulness in Dermatological Science". Experimental Animals. 45 (one): 1–thirteen. doi:10.1538/expanim.45.one. PMID 8689575.
20. ^ ^{a b} Serrato, Jacqueline. "Aztec dog gains popularity in Usa afterward 'Coco'". chicagotribune.com . Retrieved 2020-10-23 .
21. ^ "Museo de El Carmen inaugura expo sobre los xolos por el Día de Muertos". www.milenio.com . Retrieved 2020-01-07 .
22. ^ "Xoloitzcuintle patrimonio de la CDMX", El Universal, August 12, 2016
23. ^ "Xoloitzcuintle, el perro azteca, patrimonio de la CDMX". Excélsior (in Spanish). 2016-08-12. Retrieved 2020-01-06 .
24. ^ "Museo Dolores Olmedo y sus xoloitzcuintles: todo lo que debes saber antes de visitarlo". El Universal (in Spanish). 2019-11-04. Retrieved 2020-ten-23 .
25. ^ "Frida Kahlo and her Itzcuintli Dogs".
26. ^ "Presentación del nuevo billete de quinientos pesos" (PDF). Bank of Mexico. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2010. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
27. ^ Rivera, Luis-Martin Lozano & Juan Rafael Coronel. Diego Rivera The Complete Murals. Italy: TASCHEN GmbH, 2008. Print

Farther reading [edit]

• The Xolo Handbook. Xoloitzcuintli Club of America, 1999.
• Parker, Heidi One thousand.; Harris, Alexander; Dreger, Dayna 50.; Davis, Brian W.; Ostrander, Elaine A. (5 Feb 2017). "The bald and the beautiful: hairlessness in dog breeds". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Lodge B: Biological Sciences. 372 (1713). doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0488. PMC5182420. PMID 27994129.

External links [edit]

• Media related to Xoloitzquintle at Wikimedia Commons
• The Xoloitzcuintli Club of America (XCA), AKC Xolo parent club.
• "New AKC Recognized Breed: The Xolo", Cesar's Mode, July 2011
• American Kennel Order (AKC) Xoloitzcuintli information page
• URCANIS breedingclub of Sweden

lairdaptaidene.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xoloitzcuintle#:~:text=The%20pre%2Dcontact%20dogs%20exhibited,3%25%20pre%2Dcolonial%20ancestry.

Share this post